Potentially Inappropriate Medication at a Private Hospital

potentially hostile medical specialty at a Private HospitalAbstractThe substance abuse of certain practice of medicines in geriatrics when potential risks outweigh the potential benefit and an effective alternative is available is called as Potentially Inappropriate medication. Because geriatrics are more sensitive towards omi nones effects of medications. Beers criteria which is updated and reviewed by Ameri basis Geriatric society list out 53 medications/therapeutic classes of drugs to be avoided in geriatrics. Methodology A potential empirical guide was conducted for 9 months in a 650 bed private corporate hospital, South India. All geriatric patients admitted in the hospital during the study period was include. Beers Criteria 2013 were utilize to identify potentially contrary medications. Result The prevalence of PIM use (52%) was significantly racyer in study community. An avg of 10 drugs were taken by the study population. A total of 215 medications were identif ied as PIMs. Among them 195(90%) medications should be avoided by the geriatrics independent of their condition (category I). 66(60%) of the study population had apply more than iodine PIMs. 91(83%) of the PIM users had atleast integrity DRPs and the specify DRPs value of the PIM users were 1.591.3. Conclusion High prevalence of PIMs in the study population signifies the need of monitoring geriatric ethical drugs.Key words PIMs, Beers Criteria, GeriatricsIntroductionIn recent years proportion of geriatric hospital admission with comorbidity and polypharmacy has been increasing continuously (1, 2). Adverse drug events (ADRs) are the most common reason for hospital admission, but sometimes its not identified. Medication errors (MEs) or conventional adverse drug reactions (ADRs) are the common reason for adverse drug events which ends in clinical symptoms. Overall, elderly patients need greater attention to drug therapy and safety parameters (1, 3-5).Greater attention is needed fo r geriatric population collect to age related pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetic changes. But appropriate pharmaceutical care for elderly are determined on the basis of clinical trial conducted with adult population.(6) The burden of harm resulting due to the use of multiple drugs in geriatric populations is a major health related problem in developed countries. A research study reveals that most one in four geriatrics admitted to hospitals are prescribed with at least one inappropriate medication and potentially preventable adverse drug reactions accounts for nearly 20% of all inpatient deaths (7).The taxment of potentially inappropriate medication (PIM) in geriatric is a challenging work and there is a need for considering many factors which influences the prescribing as well as outcome. Eight well known tools are available to identify the PIMs and studies reports that Beers criteria is the best and easy one to assess the PIMs. Beers criteria also has the advantage over other s because it is periodically updated (8).This study therefore aimed to investigate the prevalence of PIM use on geriatric population using Beers criteria 2012 and its association with dose Related Problems (DRPs) .Methodology pick out Site The work entitled A study on prevalence and impact of Potentially Inappropriate Medication use in geriatrics at a private corporate hospital was carried out in a 640 bedded private corporate hospital, South India.Study Design Prospective Observational study.Study Period Nine months.Inclusion criteria Patients above age of 65 yrs.Exclusion criteria The patients who are unwilling to participate in the study and out patientsMETHOD A regular ward rounds was carried out in all the wards of General medicine. Each patients medication write was reviewed. Patients who met the inclusion criteria were briefed on the project with the help of patient information form and if they are willing to participate in the study their consent was obtained. The data fro m medical checkup chart were recorded in customized data entry form.The prescribed drugs were evaluated and PIMs use were identified with the help of Beers criteria. The drugs which are identified as PIM are categorize into followingPotentially inappropriate medications /classes to avoid in geriatrics,Potentially inappropriate medications /classes to avoid in geriatrics with certain pathological condition that the listed PIM use can exacerbateMedications to be used with caution in geriatrics.ADRs associated with PIMs use were assessed. do drugs interaction and ADR was monitored and inform. DRPs and Drug Risk Ratio (DRR) were calculated for PIMs. DRPs were the sum of ADR, drug interaction and drug allergy.DRR was calculated as the upshot of DRPs in relation to how often the drug was used (DRPS/number of times used).Results and DiscussionIn the study period, 212 patients were included in the study as per inclusion criteria and exclusion criteria. 110 (52%) patients were found to be prescribed with PIMs listed in Beers criteria (fig no 01). A similar study conducted by Birader K et al (2013) (9) reported that PIM prevalence were 38% in their study population. Increased anxiolytics use as a prophylaxis for hospital related anxiety superpower be the reason for high prevalence of PIM than the later study. The total number of patients in study population were 110. Among them 62(56%) were males and 48(44%) were females.The study result reveals that PIMs user are mostly males. A similar study conducted by Birader K et al (2012) (9) reported that prevalence of PIM use is more among males than females.The age categorization of PIM users was done. The upper limit age of PIM users was 93 years and hold still for age of PIM users was found to be 70.25.77. The median age for PIM users was 68.5 years.The result indicated that age group of (65-69) were commonly prescribed by PIMs. This results compared with a previous study carried out by Birader K et al (2012) (9) whi ch also reports that PIMs were frequently prescribed in the age group of 65-69 years. The social habit of the PIM users shows that 8(7%) patients were smokers and alcoholics, 14(13%) patients were alcoholics, 21(19%) patients were smokers and 67(61%) patients were teetotalers in PIM users.The comorbidities of the PIM users was analyzed. thither were 52 (47%) suffering from hypertension and 32(29%) were suffering from DM. The results shows that most of the study group had comorbidities of hypertension followed by DM and CVDs. A similar study conducted by Fouquet A (11) also reported that most common diagnosis among their study population was hypertension and diabetes.The number of drugs prescribed for the PIM users were calculated (fig no 2). The mean number of drugs per prescription drug was 9.92 with the maximum of 16 drugs and minimum of 5 drugs prescribed. The above results signifies that all prescriptions were in polypharmacy category. A similar study conducted by Blozik E (12) concluded that one of the main factor for PIM use is polypharmacy.The number of PIM drugs per prescription in the study population was calculated ( flesh no 3). The result reveals that 44(40%) were using one PIM drug, 50(45%) were using devil PIMs, 14(13) were using three PIMs, 1(1%) were using 4 PIMs and the maximum of 5 PIMs use were found in 1(1%) of the study population. 66(60%) of the study population consumed more than one PIM. The mean was found to be 1.80.78 and an avg of 2 PIM was used by the study population. A similar study conducted by Dormann H (2013) (13) were reported that 87% of the study population consumed at least one PIM.Among the PIM users the total number of PIM drugs was calculated and it was found to be 215 drugs. PIM users were categorized into three groups according to Beers criteria. ( send back no 2) There were 195(90%) belongs to category I, 12(6%) were in category II and 8(4%) were in category III.The individual categories of PIM was analyzed. It was f ound that alprazolam 57(52%), clonazepam 17(15%), hyocyamine 10(9%), Lorazepam 10(9%), hydroxyzine 10(9%), zolpidem 10(9%), ketorolac 10(8%) were prescribed in category I (table no 3). A similar study conducted by Birader K et al (2013) (16) reported that alprazolam and cimetidine were frequently used PIM among their study population. design of hyocyamine in disability 3(25%) accounts for the most frequent inappropriate drug use in category II (table no 4). Hydroxyzine in constipation 2(17%), cyproheptidine in constipation 2(17%), ketorolac in PUD 2(17%), clonazepam in frequent fall 1(8%), ketorolac in CHF 1(8%) and theophylline in insomnia 1(8%) were other category II inappropriate medication use.Use of escitalapram 3(40%), mirtazapine 2(30%), fluoxetine 1(10%), sertraline 1(10%) and Duloxetine 1(10%) were the category III PIMs (table no5).The DRP among the PIM users were analyzed (fig no . It was found that 19(17%) of the PIM users were free from DRPs. Majority of the study popul ation had at least one drug related problems. The mean value of DRP in the study population was found to be 1.591.3. The minimum observed number of DRP per patient was one and maximum observed number of DRP per patient was six.The ADR use was monitored in the study population. A total number of 40 ADR associated with PIM use (Fig no5) and 14 ADR associated with nonPIM use were identified. The study result reveals that one among three PIM users were found to have at least one ADR. A similar study conducted by N. Nixdorff et al (2008) were also reported that PIM users were found to experience ADR most frequently than nonPIM users.As a part of our study, screening of drug interactions were done. A total number of 131 major drug interactions were identified, in that 111 were unique. Among the drug interactions found 16(12%) were PIM-PIM drug interactions, 39(30%) were PIM-other drugs drug interactions and 76(58%) were caused by non PIM drugs (table no 6).Drug risk ratio were calculated for the study population (table no7). It was observed that prochlorperazine had the highest DRR (4) followed by phenobarbitone (2), digoxine (2), pentazocine (2) and duloxetine (2).The statistical analysis of obtained results has been done using statistical tools. The association of different variables are analyzed using 2 test.On perspicacity of association mingled with number of comorbidities with number of drugs and number of PIMs (table no8), the result proved that number of comorbidies are statistically associated with the number of drugs at 0.001 level of moment and number of PIMs at 0.05 level of significance. It means that as number of comorbidity increases polypharmac and PIM use also increases.On assessment of association between number of drugs and number of PIMs (table no 9), the result proved that number of drugs are statistically associated with number of PIMs at 0.05 level of significance. This result proves that polypharmacy is one of the reason for PIMs.On assess ment of association between number of DRPs with number of drugs and number of PIMs (table no10), the result proved that DRPs are statistically associated with number of PIMs at 0.01 level of significance but not associated with number of drugs at 0.05 level of significance.This result proves that DRPs is more associated with PIMs than polypharmacy which means it not the number of drugs contributing to DRPs but the use of PIMs.ConclusionOur study identified a high prevalence of PIMs use and associated DRPs in the study population. DRPs due to PIMs is preventable. Development and implementation of new criteria or modification of already existing criteria such as Beers criteria, split up STOPP criteria which will helps in safe prescribing practice can reduce the PIMs use.ReferencesBudnitz DS, Lovegrove MC, Shehab N, Richards CL. Emergency hospitalizations for adverse drug events in elderly Americans. N Engl J Med 2011 365 200212.Budnitz DS, Shehab N, Kegler SR, Richards CL Medication use leading to emergency department visits for adverse drug events in older adults. Ann Intern Med 2007 147 75565.Lau DT, Kasper JD, Potter DE, Lyles A, Bennett RG Hospitalization and death associated with potentially inappropriate medication prescriptions among elderly nursing home residents. Arch Intern Med 2005 165 6874.Pirmohamed M, James S, Meakin S. Adverse drug reactions as cause of admission to hospital prospective analysis of 18 820 patients. BMJ 2004 329 159.Chrischilles EA, VanGilder R, Wright K, Kelly M, Wallace RB. Inappropriate medication use as a risk factor for self-reported adverse drug effects in older adults. J Am Geriatr Soc 2009 57 0006Avorn J, Shrank WH. Adverse drug reactions in elderly people A substantial cause of preventable illness. BMJ. 20083369567Minimizing Inappropriate Medications in Older Populations A 10-step Conceptual Framework. Ian A. Scott, MBBS, MHA, MEd,a Leonard C. Gray, MBBS, MMed, PhD,b Jennifer H. Martin, MBChB, MA (Oxon), PhD,c Charles A. Mitchell, MBBSdOpondo D. Inappropriateness of Medicationth Prescriptions to Elderly Patients in the Primary Care Setting A Systematic Review, plos one, aug 2012, volume 7, curve 8Biradar K assessment of potentially inappropriate medication in elderly patients at Basavehwar teaching hospitalIJPP 2012dec, vol 5,issue 4, 73-5Denys TL (2011) Functional Decline Associated With Polypharmacy and Potentially Inappropriate Medications in Community-Dwelling Older Adults With Dementia, Am J Alzheimers Dis Other Demen. 2011 December 26(8) 60615. doi10.1177/1533317511432734Fouquet A, Zegbeh H, Krolak-Salmon P, Mouchoux C. Detection of potentially inappropriate medication in a french geriatric teaching hospital A comparison study of the French Beers criteria and the improved prescribing in the elderly tool. J Eurger 2012 3 326-29Blozik E, Rapold R, von Overbeck J, Reich O. Polypharmacy and potentially inappropriate medication in the adult, community-dwelling population in Switzerland. Drugs aging. 201330561-8Dormann H, Sonst A, Mller F, Vogler R, Patapovas A, Pfistermeister B, Plank-Kiegele B, Kirchner M, Hartmann N, Brkle T, Maas R. Adverse drug events in older patients admitted as an emergency the role of potentially inappropriate medication in elderly people (PRISCUS). Dtsch Arztebl Int 2013 110(13) 2139. DOI 10.3238/arztebl.2013.0213N. Nixdorff et al. Potentially inappropriate medications and adverse drug effects in elders in the ED. AJEM 2008 26 697700 defers and figuresNO. of PIM/prescriptionNumber of patientsN=110Percentage144402504531413411511Table no1 Number of PIM per Prescriptionsl nocategoryno. of PIMspercentage1PIM drugs/classes to be avoid in geriatrics (category I)195902PIM to be avoided in certain pathological condition (category II)1263PIMs to be used with caution (category III)84Table no2 Categories of PIMsl noDrugsNo. of Patientssl noDrugNo. of Patients1Alprazolam57 (29%)16Nitrofurentoin3(1.5%)2Clonazepam17(9%)17Mirtazapine2(1%)3Hyocyamine10(5%)18Cyp roheptidine2(1%)4Lorazepam10(5%)19Diazepam2(1%)5Hydroxyzine10(5%)20Piroxicam2(1%)6Zolpidem10(5%)21Prochloperazine2(1%)7Ketorolac10(5%)22Chlorphemiramine2(1%)8Aceclofenac9(4.5%)23Trihexylphenedine2(1%)9Propoxyphene8(4%)24Digoxin2(1%)10Diclofenac7(3.5%)25Phenobarbitone1(0.5%)11Spironolactone6(3%)26naproxen1(0.5%)12Prazosin5(3%)27Clinidium-chlordiazepoxide1(0.5%)13Clonidine5(3%)28Indomethacin1(0.5%)14Chlordiazepoxide3(1.5%)29Metachlopramide1(0.5%)15Amitriptyline3(1.5%)30Pheniramine1(0.5%)31pentazocine1(0.5%)Table no 3 Category 1(PIM drugs/classes to be avoid in geriatrics)Sl noDrugDiseaseNo. PatientsPercentage1KetorolacCHF182HydroxyzineConstipation2173HyocyamineConstipation3254KetorolacPUD2175CyproheptidineConstipation2176ClonazepamFrequent Fall187InsomniaTheophyllin18Table no 4 Category II (PIM to be avoided in certain pathological condition)sl noDrugNo of Patientspercentage1Mirtazapine2302 fluoxetine1103Sertraline1104Duloxetine1105Escitalapram340Table no 5 Cateegory III (PIMs to be u sed with caution)NO OF INTERACTIONPERCENTAGEPIM-PIM1612PIM- OTHER DRUGS3930OTHER DRUGS7658Table no6 Categories of Drug InteractionsSl NoDrugDRPsTotalDrug Risk Ratio1PROCLORPERAZINE824.002PHENOBARBITONE212.003DIGOXIN422.004PENTAZOCINE212.005DULOXETINE212.006NAPROXEN212.00Table no.7 Drug Risk RatioSl noVarienceNo. of comorbiditiesChi squire valueP value12 31No. of PIMs15211312.76*0.052101215 3715122No. of drugs6-81316426.77*0.0019-1182517 121719Table no8 connexion of no. of comorbidities with no. of drugs and PIMs.varienceNo. of DrugsChi squire valueP value6-89-1112-1415No. of PIMs116214321.76*0.0012142484 32554Table no 9 Association of no. drugs and no. PIMsSl noVarienceNo. of DRPsChi squire valueP value01231No. of PIMs1112110221.76*0.0012723812 314292No. of drugs6-891511111.770.059-11425612 1268310Table no10 Association of DRPs with no. of drugs and PIMsFig no1 Prevalence of PIMsFig no2 Number of Drugs Prescribed per PatientFig no3 Number of PIM per PrescriptionFig no 4 Adverse Dru g Events and Its frequencyFig no5 Adverse Drug Events and Its Frequency

Andy Warhol Essay -- Biography Biographies

Andy WarholIt is r be for an artist to become a celebrity, but Andy Warhol experienced much more than his fifteen proceeding of fame, and became an icon of his generation. Warhol was involved in many artistic fields such as painting, filmmaking and photography, but nevertheless was a businessman, social connoisseur and self-promoter. He was a major contributor to the Pop art movement, a period when mainstream objects, such as comic strips, advertisements and celebrity photos, were incorporated into many works. Warhols Campbell Soup series and later his celebrity series are some of the most well known works of pop art, that are still referenced in score and advertising today. However, not all of his works dealt with intriguing celebrities or mainstream advertising. Few people are familiar with Warhols darker side, evident in his Disaster paintings, a period in which such tragedy as, car accidents, suicide and capital punishment captured Warhols interest. These morbid works differ fr om his Pop Art masterpieces, and are crucial in understanding Warhols overall body of work. Warhol graduated from the Carnegie Institute of Technology in 1949, with a degree in pictorial design. He then went to New York City to work as a commercial illustrator, and later began painting towards the late 1950s. His work did not gain notoriety until or so 1962 when his Campbell soup prints and Marilyn Monroe painting gained respect in the art world. However this period was a tumultuous ...

Discussion on Iridium :: essays research papers

Competitive Attri hardlye Program V Iridium Mobile beam System ProjectThe ability to capture values along the Technology Adoption Lifecycle determines not just how successful a firm depart be, but whether it will create competitive advantage through technology. Businesses with large fixed lives, capital-intensive business plans, and specialized asset bases will face the challenge to maintain its strategic continuity because it is generally prohibitively expensive to change direction to response to any conceivable structural change. Iridium, a satellite mobile system which cost $5 billion to build, began to provide commercial telephone service on November 1 1998. This paper aims to use the Iridium Project, which I have participated at Motorola before, to dilate the incremental benefits and the pitfalls from creating competitive advantage through technology and activity system.Discussion of incremental benefits & industry analysis by using five force beat Competitor V Mobile Sate llite System (MSS) companiesThe largest competitor from MSS companies is Globalstar. Globalstars communication system is supported by low cost satellites which enhance the surmisal for Globalstar to implement a comparatively lower pricing strategy than Iridium. Although Globalstar has simpler and cheaper satellites than Iridium owns, it requires ground switching systems for effective connections. In return, the coverage of Globalstar system was restricted to vote out locations. This form of benchmarking activities within Iridium helps to formulate the strategic position and get to know a better reinforcement of strategic fit. Substitutes V Ground-Based Wireless serviceIn 1990s, ground-based wireless phone service grew rapidly around the world. A key factor in the growth of wireless phones was the adoption of a genius standard, known as GSM, in Europe and parts of Asia. There were 480 million cellular subscribers worldwide by January 2000 and it reached more than billions before 2 005. The economy of scale that introduced will provide the extent of competitive pressure in the business environment. It helps to stimulate Iridium to consider price-performance tradeoff that offered by the substitutes and the need of product differentiation alternatives in advance.Customers/Buyers V Global business travelersMajor guest consists of the businessman who is willing to travel around the world as well as staying in gain with the office and home. In account of the industries that operate in remote areas, the competitive positioning option of Iridium tends to be access-based to reach differently accessible customer with the similar need in terms of communication. Iridium designed a set of activities to make tradeoffs in competing, for instance, reduce marketing campaign in urban areas and brand name development for large corporations.

Franklin Roosevelt: Man of the Year :: History

Franklin Roosevelt Man of the YearAssuming the Presidency at the depth of the Great Depression, Franklin D. Roosevelt helped the American people regain faith in themselves. He brought hope as he promised prompt, vigorous action, and asserted in his Inaugural Address, the only thing we have to fear is fear itself. When the nation was at its worst, Roosevelt was at his best. In his first 100 days in office, Roosevelt pushed through many new programs in order to help fix the problems of the depression. unity of these programs being the TVA (Tennessee Valley Authority), which was established to create dams on the Tennessee River providing desperately needed jobs and hydroelectric power to the surrounding area. Roosevelt established many more programs with many variant intentions. Some of these programs like the AAA (Agricultural Adjustment Act), which was created to raise farm produce prices. This particular program paid farmers to leave land unseeded and to slaughter livestock, which in turn raised the prices by decreasing the supply and increasing the demand. There were more of these programs like the CCC (Civilian Conservation Corps), which helped establish work. This particular program employed many young Americans by providing jobs such as planting trees, creating parks, and making roads. These programs were often considered as make work programs by the public. The public often did non think that jobs such as the planting of trees were significantly important. Roosevelt on the other hand knew that by planting trees hed help bring the disseminate bowl to an end and ensure that it would never happen again. Roosevelt also helped reinstate the nations faith in our banking system as well. He created a banking holiday to shut down all of the banks and only re-open those that were stable enough to conduct business. He also created the FDIC (Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation), to insure bank accounts up to $5,000 and to ensure that a great depression would ne ver again be a concern for Americans. After Hitler took power in Germany. Roosevelt asked to increase the amount of capital spent on national defense. This created the only peacetime draft that was known to this point. Many Americans went to train with the U.S. army. The United States under Roosevelt was quickly preparing for a new war, which seemed close at hand. After the attack on Pearl Harbor by the Empire of Japan, Roosevelt asked congress for a declaration of war.

COMPASSION FOR THE SOULS WHO INHABIT HELL :: essays research papers

Dantes Inferno is a 14th- century poem that seems calculated to cause the greatest possible pain to a 20th-century humanist, or to anyone who is attracted to Christianity because of its compassion and belief in the possibility of redemption. The graven image of the Inferno has precious little compassion and no forgiveness. He was the God who not only turned a blind eyeball to Belsen, but also exercised great ingenuity in constructing His have got blood-chilling concentration camp, where sinners should suffer, not only during their brief lives, but for all eternity. What is particular about Dantes God is that He consigns sinners to their particular circle in Hell according to an immutable tariff of offences. No attention is paid to mitigating circumstances, or the idea of doing justice to the item-by-item soul before the Divine Court. Hell, in short, was made on exactly the lines that the present Home Secretary would wish to impose on our present sentencing system. How do we reco ncile the enjoyment of a great poem with what must seem, to many of us today, a repellent theology? Ulysses may best capture our own views in his speech to his sailors. He celebrates the dignity of man and says "You were not bornto live as a mere brute does/ But for the pursuit of knowledge and the just". But such sensible humanism is, apparently, no better than the excuses of the gluttons and the adulterers. Ulysses is condemned as a thief and must suffer in Hell. In an admirable state to Robert Pinskys translation, John Freccero deals with past attempts to enjoy the poem without revulsion. Coleridge advised us to "suspend disbelief" and enjoy the poetry without accepting the theology. Erich Auerbach suggested we separate "Dantes didactic intent from his government agency of representation", and held that the reality of the condemned characters overwhelmed their allegorical meaning. Perhaps we should simply remember how Dante suffered from the ruthless po wer-seeking and political intrigue in Florence and take Hell as an accurate effect of politics today. George Steiner, the distinguished critic and polymath, has suggested in his book In Bluebeards Castle that the Holocaust is the Christian idea of hell made real and that the most lettered guide to the camps is actually Dante. Robert Pinsky, the recently appointed poet laureate of the United States, was asked to comment on this notion in an interview in The Forward that marked the effect of the poets acclaimed translation of Dantes Inferno.

The Long Road to Graduate School :: Graduate Admissions Essays

The Long Road to Graduate School   In his poem, The Road Not Taken, Robert Frost wrote, Two roads diverge in the woods, and I took the one least traveled by/ And that has made in all the difference.  In this poem, the narrator had a choice of two roads.  However, Ive discovered that life is a picayune more complicated.  Sometimes the path we embark on is not always the one we choose.  Sometimes we are pushed or pulled in certain directions and we have to act to our environment.   My path to a college education has been filled with bumps, potholes, detours and roadblocks. The signs often read yield and do not enter.  The path has not always been clear, but Ive kept my look opened, focused on the road ahead, and the experience has made all the difference.   During my freshman year in high school, my mother remarried and I had to move from Colorado to Kentucky.  iodin year later, we relocated back to Colorado after they divorced.  During my junior year in high school, my mother remarried again and I had to change schools again, although we remained in Colorado.  Thus, I did not have a sense of continuity during high school and although I recognized that my path would lead me to college, I was not puddle to redact myself to school full time. Instead I went to work full time as a grocery clerk and worked my way up to assistant manager.  I then moved into customer service work and finally fell into an advertising manager position. I took several night courses during this period until I was ready to commit to school full time.  Although I could have continued with work, I knew that it was not what I wanted to do and once I committed myself to attend school and realized that I wanted to study Sociology, I have proven myself to be an above average student.  This past year, I earned all As in my courses.

Everything about Marijuana Essay -- Illegal Drugs Narcotics Cannabis

I think people need to be improve to the fact that marihuana is not a drug. marihuana is an herb and a flower. God put it here. If He put it here and He wants it to grow, what gives the g all overnment the business to say that God is wrong? (Willie Nelson) marijuana is a mind-blowing product, meaning that it interacts with the central nervous system and can alter perception, mood and behavior. It is widely and illicitly use by umteen people all over the world. Marijuana is used for its euphoric feeling and pleasure when boobd, but also for its medical purposes. Marijuana comes from two main flowering plants, hempen necktie Sativa and Cannabis Indica. Cannabis Sativa plants be generally tall, thin plants with narrow leaves and a rather light green color. They argon natively grown in Mexico, Colombia, Thailand and S exposeheast Asia. In contrast, Indica plants grow in hash producing countries like Afghanistan, Morocco and Tibet. They are shorter, have broader leaves and usua lly look bushier than Sativa plants. Sativa plants are used more(prenominal) often for smoke, and said to have a stronger effect than the Indica plant. such(prenominal) plants usually grow in the wild, but some people illegally grow marijuana in their homes, using special lights and growing tools. There are many substances in marijuana, over 400 known. The substance that creates a person to get ? gamey? while smoking marijuana is called THC (tetrahydrocannabinol). THC is a type of cannabinoid which is a strong chemical in the plant, found in the flower or buds, stems and leaves. The higher content of THC is usually found in the buds, the most smoked part of marijuana. When weed is smoked, the THC goes straight by means of the blood stream, into the lungs and the brain. tribe usually start to feel ?hi... ...ers are also used to roll loose marijuana. The filled cigar or swisher would be split in the middle, emptied and the marijuana would be added and then the blunt would be roll ed. Other popular smoking items are water pipes, or bongs and just normal pipes. Bongs filter out the marijuana through the water and most of the THC is inhaled. Pipes come in many different shapes, colors and sizes and are sold at just almost any smoke shop. Vaporizers are also used, mostly for medical purposes though, which filter out the marijuana but are very costly. Pot does not always have to be smoked. It can be cooked into foods or even made into teas. Marijuana is one of the oldest cultivated plants in the world. After many centuries of using marijuana, it has become a tendency for many people. It is smoked around the world today, and just about anyone can get their hands on this drug. Everything about Marijuana Essay -- Illegal Drugs Narcotics CannabisI think people need to be educated to the fact that marijuana is not a drug. Marijuana is an herb and a flower. God put it here. If He put it here and He wants it to grow, what gives the government the righ t to say that God is wrong? (Willie Nelson) Marijuana is a psychoactive product, meaning that it interacts with the central nervous system and can alter perception, mood and behavior. It is widely and illegally used by many people all over the world. Marijuana is used for its euphoric feeling and pleasure when smoked, but also for its medical purposes. Marijuana comes from two main flowering plants, Cannabis Sativa and Cannabis Indica. Cannabis Sativa plants are generally tall, thin plants with narrow leaves and a rather light green color. They are natively grown in Mexico, Colombia, Thailand and Southeast Asia. In contrast, Indica plants grow in hash producing countries like Afghanistan, Morocco and Tibet. They are shorter, have broader leaves and usually look bushier than Sativa plants. Sativa plants are used more often for smoking, and said to have a stronger effect than the Indica plant. Such plants usually grow in the wild, but some people illegally grow marijuana in their hom es, using special lights and growing tools. There are many substances in marijuana, over 400 known. The substance that creates a person to get ?high? while smoking marijuana is called THC (tetrahydrocannabinol). THC is a type of cannabinoid which is a strong chemical in the plant, found in the flower or buds, stems and leaves. The higher content of THC is usually found in the buds, the most smoked part of marijuana. When weed is smoked, the THC goes straight through the blood stream, into the lungs and the brain. People usually start to feel ?hi... ...ers are also used to roll loose marijuana. The filled cigar or swisher would be split in the middle, emptied and the marijuana would be added and then the blunt would be rolled. Other popular smoking items are water pipes, or bongs and just normal pipes. Bongs filter out the marijuana through the water and most of the THC is inhaled. Pipes come in many different shapes, colors and sizes and are sold at just about any smoke shop. Vapor izers are also used, mostly for medical purposes though, which filter out the marijuana but are very costly. Pot does not always have to be smoked. It can be cooked into foods or even made into teas. Marijuana is one of the oldest cultivated plants in the world. After many centuries of using marijuana, it has become a trend for many people. It is smoked around the world today, and just about anyone can get their hands on this drug.